Polyploidy in Mango Varieties: Applications and Perspectives in Plant Breeding

Abstract

Polyploidy, the condition of having more than two sets of chromosomes, holds significant promise in mango (Mangifera indica) breeding, offering opportunities to enhance traits such as fruit size, yield, disease resistance, and overall quality. This paper explores the applications of polyploidy in mango breeding, focusing on its potential to address genetic constraints and improve commercial production. Polyploidy in mango can be induced through chemical agents like colchicine, which disrupts chromosome segregation during cell division, resulting in plants with increased chromosome numbers. These polyploid plants often exhibit larger fruit sizes, higher yield potential, and enhanced stress resistance, making them valuable for both fresh and processed mango markets. However, challenges such as reduced fertility, genetic instability, and difficulties in regeneration pose obstacles to successful polyploid mango breeding. Despite these issues, the combination of polyploidy with advanced techniques like marker-assisted selection offers promising prospects for the development of stable, high-yielding, and disease-resistant mango varieties. This paper also emphasizes the need for further research into the molecular mechanisms of polyploidy and the optimization of induction methods to fully realize the potential of polyploidy in mango breeding. Ultimately, polyploidy could revolutionize mango cultivation by producing superior varieties that meet global market demands while enhancing productivity and sustainability.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.65525/SVUP.9788199956032.2026.128-135