The Potential Therapeutic Applications of Copper and Its Complexes and Copper Chelation Therapy

Abstract

Copper, a vital trace element, is integral to various biological functions, including cellular respiration, free radical detoxification, iron metabolism, neurotransmitter production, and angiogenesis. This transition metal exhibits distinctive redox characteristics that render it a versatile therapeutic agent across various disease domains. This review study examines the potential functions of copper and its complexes in anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory therapy, as well as the application of copper nanoparticles in wound healing processes. The concentration of copper must be meticulously monitored, as any deviation in its homeostasis can lead to abnormalities. One of the most promising strategies for sustaining physiological copper levels is copper chelation therapy, which has emerged as a vital treatment for neurodegenerative disorders, including Wilson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, as well as conditions such as diabetes mellitus and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Besides demonstrating significant biocidal qualities, copper is also linked to skin health.The comprehensive understanding of the bioinorganic characteristics of copper and its complexes, alongside the novel prospects presented by advancements in medicinal chemistry, is facilitating the identification of a new category of highly efficacious pharmaceuticals with minimal side effects, potentially enhancing clinical research and practice significantly.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.65525/SVUP.9788198471956.2025.17-29